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0 of 6 steps completedStep-by-Step Instructions
1 Step 1: Plan size + location
Step 1: Plan size + location
10x10 is standard. Bigger needs more posts. Check setback rules — some areas treat pergola as structure.
10x10 = 4 posts (corners only)
Standard residential. Stable, looks proportional.
Check city setback rules
Some areas require 5+ ft from property line.
2 Step 2: Get cedar lumber (best for outdoor)
Step 2: Get cedar lumber (best for outdoor)
Cedar resists rot naturally. Pressure-treated pine is cheaper but needs paint. Posts 6x6, beams 2x10, rafters 2x8.
Cedar 6x6 posts (8 ft)
Solid foundation. ~$60 each.
Cedar 2x10 beams (10 ft)
Top horizontal across posts. ~$35 each.
Cedar 2x8 rafters
Cross the beams every 16". ~$25 each.
3 Step 3: Dig footings + set posts
Step 3: Dig footings + set posts
Same as deck — below frost line, concrete, post anchors. Pergola posts visible above grade, so use galvanized post anchors.
Simpson Strong-Tie post bases (galvanized)
Above-ground anchor for visible posts. ~$30 each.
Quikrete + sonotube footings
Same as deck footings.
4 Step 4: Attach beams across posts
Step 4: Attach beams across posts
Beams sit on top of posts. Bolts through. Beam sandwich style (one each side of post) is most stable.
Sandwich style (2 beams, one each side)
Bolts go through both beams + post.
1/2" galvanized through-bolts
Lifetime fasteners. ~$5 each.
5 Step 5: Install rafters across beams
Step 5: Install rafters across beams
Notch rafters to sit on beams or use joist hangers. Rafters every 16" on center.
Notched rafters (traditional)
Notch in rafter sits over beam. Looks pro.
Hurricane ties for wind resistance
Metal connectors at each rafter-to-beam joint. ~$1 each.
6 Step 6: Add cross-pieces (slats) for shade
Step 6: Add cross-pieces (slats) for shade
1x4 or 2x2 cross-pieces every 6-12" across rafters. More slats = more shade. Optional but defines pergola look.
2x2 cross-slats at 6" spacing
Roughly 40% shade. Standard pergola coverage.
Skip cross-slats for full sun
Open pergola for vines to grow.
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